Table 2 All 83 included records in alphabetical order, reported following PRISMA-ScR guidelines
Authors | Year of publication | Country | Used terminology to describe Method | Health, care or well-being topic | Technological innovation | Involved citizens | Level of involvement in preparation | Level of involvement in data collection | Level of involvement in evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abbass-Dick et al. [42] | 2018 | Canada | Participatory design | Breastfeeding | eHealth | 11 Indigenous mothers, 9 care providers | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Abbass-Dick et al. [43] | 2020 | Canada | Co-creation | Breastfeeding | eHealth | 12 young mothers, 8 health care providers | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Ahmed et al. [44] | 2019 | United States | Participatory design | Cardiac resynchronization therapy | Electronic health data | 24 adult patients | Collaboration | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Allin et al. [45] | 2018 | Canada | Participatory design | Spinal cord injury | Online self-management tool | 9 persons with SCI; co-designers; key informants | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Arevian et al. [46] | 2018 | United States | Co-creation | Community resilience | Mobile application | 30 people from the community; co-leadership | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Arevian et al. [47] | 2020 | United States | Usability study | Obsessive compulsive disorder | Mobile texting apps | 28 patients, 4 care providers | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Ceasar et al. [48] | 2017 | United States | Community based participatory research | Community based health | mHealth technology | 159 people from African American communities | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
De Cocker et al. [49] | 2019 | Belgium | Citizen Science | Public health guidelines | Online survey | 6246 adults | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
DeRenzi et al. [50] | 2017 | India | Participatory design | Community health | Web- and voice-based system | 71 community health workers | Non-involvement | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration |
Dewa et al. [51] | 2020 | United Kingdom | Co-production | Mental health difficulties | Technology to detect mental health deterioration | 7 young people; co-researchers; advisory group | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Doty et al. [52] | 2020 | United States | Community based participatory research | Parenting programmes for Latinx families | Mobile app/mHealth | 115 Latinx parents Latinx-serving organisations Latinx community facilitators | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Edwards et al. [53] | 2020 | United States & Ireland | Community based participatory research | Home-based spirometry in pulmonary fibrosis | Mobile app/mHealth | 36 patients | Collaboration | Non-involvement | Non-involvement |
Elk et al. [54] | 2020 | United States | Community based participatory research | Palliative care | Telehealth | 14 community members with different ethnicities | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Erlingsdóttir et al. [55] | 2019 | Sweden | Co-design | Support for home care staff | eHealth services | 16 home care staff from 4 municipalities | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Evans et al. [56] | 2016 | United Kingdom | Community based participatory research | HIV testing | mHealth | 12 community members | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Ferguson et al. [57] | 2018 | United Kingdom | Participatory design | Educational programme for hearing aid users | Interactive video tutorials | 3 hearing aid users and 1 charity advocate people with hearing loss, panel of 11 audiologists | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Ferri et al. [58] | 2020 | Italy | Co-creation | Cyber bullying | Massive open online course (MOOC) | 30 children, 2 teachers; co-creators | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Fletcher and Mullett [59] | 2016 | Canada | Participatory action research | Healthy lifestyle | Digital stories | 230 younger adults, 14 older adults; development team | Collaboration | Citizens in the lead | Collaboration |
Franco et al. [60] | 2016 | United States | Co-design | Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | mHealth/Mobile app | 32 veterans (peer mentors and mentees) | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Frauenberger et al. [61] | 2020 | Austria | Participatory design | Social Play for mixed groups of neurodivergent and neurotypical children | Social Play Technologies | 16 neurodivergent and neurotypical children aged 7 to 12, 1 teacher | Collaboration | Citizens in the lead | Sharing knowledge |
Garcia et al. [62] | 2019 | Brazil | Co-creation | Alcohol and drugs rehabilitation | Digital games | 10 adults with alcohol/drug addiction, 2 healthcare professionals | Sharing knowledge | Citizens in the lead | Collaboration |
Gardsten [63] | 2017 | Sweden | Participatory design | Self-management of Type 2 diabetes | ICT self-management service | 5 adults with type 2 diabetes, 2 diabetes nurses | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Garmendia et al. [64] | 2019 | Spain | Co-design | Oncology follow-up | Visualization tool | 2 oncologists and 2 nurses | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Giroux et al. [65] | 2019 | Canada | Co-design | Supporting caregivers of older adults in home care | eHealth | 74 caregivers, community workers, health and social service professionals | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Gobl et al. [66] | 2019 | Austria | Participatory design | Social media literacy | Serious game | 71 adolescents | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Grant et al. [67] | 2020 | United Kingdom | Co-design, Public and Patient Involvement | Mental health | mHealth | 26 young people | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Haufe et al. [68] | 2019 | Netherlands | Participatory action research | Independent living | Gerontechnologies | 19 seniors, 2 technology consultants and 3 municipal community builders | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Hernández et al. [69] | 2018 | Canada | Participatory design | Force Resistance Training in Hand Grasp and Arm Therapy | Video game | 3 occupational therapists, 1 paediatrician, 12 children | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Hill et al. [70] | 2017 | Canada | Community based participatory research | Stroke education | Educational DVD | 26 indigenous healthcare providers, 108 children | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Hiratsuka et al. [71] | 2019 | United States | Community-based participatory research | Posttraumatic stress disorder | Website | 6 members of a native community, 5 clinical providers | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Hong et al. [72] | 2018 | United States | Co-Design | Symptom communication in chronical illness | Digital tracking tool | 13 pairs of chronically ill children and their parents, 11 clinicians | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Jarke et al. [73] | 2019 | Germany | Co-creation | Digital neighbourhood guide | Digital neighbourhood guide | 12 older adults; co-creators | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Jessen et al. [74] | 2020 | Norway | Participatory design | Personal strengths | mHealth app | 12 patients, 15 care providers, 6 designers, 2 researchers; development team | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Jessen et al. [75] | 2018 | Norway | Co-design | Self-management of chronic conditions | mHealth self-management app | 22 patients with chronic conditions | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Jo et al. [76] | 2020 | United States | Co-design | Stress management and mental well-being | mobile self-tracking platform | 5 Korean mothers in the United States | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Jørgensen et al. [77] | 2018 | Denmark | Participatory design | Rheumatic diseases | e-Device for disease management | 14 patients, 9 care providers | Collaboration | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Kanstrup and Bertelsen [78] | 2016 | Denmark | Participatory design | Exercise technology | Exercise technology | 18 young adults with depression or anxiety | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Kearns et al. [79] | 2020 | Ireland | Public patient involvement | Aphasia rehabilitation | Online user feedback questionnaire | 6 patients with aphasia | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Kenning and Treadaway [80] | 2018 | United Kingdom | Participatory design | Dementia | Sensory textiles | 13 patients | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Kildea et al. [81] | 2019 | Canada | Co-design | Patient portal | smartphone app | 445 stakeholders; co-leadership | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Kim et al. [82] | 2019 | Korea | Participatory design | Autism | Digital self-tracker platform | 5 patients with autism and their partners | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Collaboration |
LaMonica et al. [83] | 2020 | Australia | Participatory design | Mental health services | Web-based platform | 49 veterans | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Lan Hing Ting et al. [84] | 2020 | France | Human-centred participatory design | Fall prevention | Balance assessment tool | 5 elderly people | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Larsen et al. [85] | 2016 | Denmark | Participatory design | Telemedicine | Shared service centre | 35 clinicians, 29 representatives, 4 patients | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Latulippe et al. [86] | 2020 | Canada | Co-design | Social health inequalities | eHealth tool for caregivers | 31 community workers, 22 health professionals, 33 caregivers; co-designers | Collaboration | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Latulippe et al. [87] | 2020 | Canada | Social justice design | Social health inequalities | eHealth tool for caregivers | 26 community workers, 18 health professionals, 30 caregivers | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Latulippe et al. [88] | 2019 | Canada | Co-design | Support for older persons | eHealth tool for caregivers | 2 community workers, 2 health professionals, 3 caregivers | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Lee et al. [89] | 2017 | United States | User-centered design | Support for older adults | Social robots | 5 older adults, 5 mental health therapists; co-designers | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Leeming and Thew [90] | 2017 | United Kingdom | Public patient involvement | Patient records | Federated platform | 30 care organisations; steering group | Non-involvement | Non-involvement | Collaboration |
Leong and Johnston [91] | 2016 | Australia | Participatory design | Aging people | Social robots | 8 older adults | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Leslie et al. [92] | 2019 | Canada | User-centred design | Health services | Mobile App to assist caregivers | 25 family caregivers | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Limaye et al. [93] | 2018 | Peru | Community based partcipatory research | Maternal mortality | Digital story telling | 135 people from the community | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Livingood et al. [94] | 2017 | United States | Community based participatory research | Obesity | Digital communication intervention | 30 youths aged 15 to 19 | Collaboration | Citizens in the lead | Collaboration |
Lo et al. [95] | 2020 | Canada | Symposium | Health informatics | Health information technology | 37 participants | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Lockerbie and Maiden [96] | 2020 | United Kingdom | Co-design | Dementia | Digital quality of life model | 10 care workers | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Lu et al. [97] | 2017 | 4 EU countries | Co-creation | Healthy and active ageing | Assistive living technologies | Unknown number of multi-stakeholders | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Maertens et al. [98] | 2017 | United States | Community oriented approach | Human papillomavirus infection | Web-based intervention | 20 Latina young adults, 27 Latino parents; community advisory committee | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Martin et al. [99] | 2020 | 3 EU countries | Co-design | Healthy lifestyle | mHealth apps | 74 adolescents aged 13 to 16 | Sharing knowledge | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration |
Matthews et al. [100] | 2016 | United States | Participatory design | Mental illnesses | Smartphone and web app | 3 patient, 3 clinicians | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Mburu et al. [101] | 2018 | South Africa | Co-design | Preterm infants | Digital communication | 17 mothers, 17 NICU nurses, 4 doctors | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
McMillan et al. [102] | 2018 | United Kingdom | Public patient involvement | Health check results | website | 19 members of the public; co-facilitators | Citizens in the lead | Collaboration | Sharing Knowledge |
McNaney et al. [103] | 2017 | United Kingdom | Co-design | Dementia | Mobile app | 14 young family members of people with dementia | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Miller et al. [104] | 2016 | United States | Participatory design | Health information | Information technology | 8 parents, 2 children, 3 clinicians | Collaboration | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Mrklas et al. [105] | 2020 | Canada | Co-design | Knee osteoarthritis | MHealth app | 4 patients, 5 physicians, 3 trainees, 2 decision makers; research coalition | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Naeemabadi et al. [106] | 2020 | Denmark | Participatory design | Total knee replacement | Telerehabilitation program | 8 patients, 4 health professionals, 4 student assistants, 2 software developers | Collaboration | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Payton [107] | 2016 | United States | Co-creation | Health information HIV | Social media | 15 participants | Non-involvement | Citizens in the lead | Non-involvement |
Rabba et al. [108] | 2020 | Australia | Participatory action research | Autism | Web-based resource | 3 parents, 9 clinicians; advisory group | Collaboration | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Rai et al. [109] | 2020 | United Kingdom & Ireland | Public patient involvement | High blood pressure | Digital intervention | 40 patients and partners, 35 care professionals; co-investigators | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Rathnayake et al. [110] | 2020 | Australia | Co-design | Dementia | mHealth application | 10 carers | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Reade et al. [111] | 2017 | United Kingdom | Public patient involvement | Joint pain; rheumatoid arthritis | Smartphone app | 20 patients | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Russ et al. [112] | 2020 | United Kingdom | Participatory action research | Surgical care | Smartphone app | 42 patients; steering group | Collaboration | Non-involvement | Collaboration |
Sin et al. [113] | 2019 | United Kingdom | Co-design | Psychosis | eHealth intervention | 14 experts; advisory group | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Skovlund et al. [114] | 2020 | Denmark | Public patient involvement | Metastic melanoma | Dialogue tool | 5 patients | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Solem et al. [115] | 2020 | Norway | User centred design | Chronic pain | eHealth intervention | 20 project team members, 33 external stakeholders | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Synnot et al. [116] | 2018 | Australia | Participation in research | Multiple sclerosis | Website | 83 patients; advisory group | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge | Collaboration |
Tsvyatkova and Storni [117] | 2019 | Ireland | Participatory design | Type 1 diabetes mellitus | eBook | 24 parents, 20 children; design partners | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Tuckett et al. [118] | 2018 | Australia | Citizen science | Physical activity for mental health | Mobile application | 8 older adults aged 65 and older; citizen scientists | Collaboration | Collaboration | Collaboration |
Vacca [119] | 2019 | United States | Participatory design | Teen-caregiver relationship | Digital media creation platform | 8 Latina teens | Non-involvement | Citizens in the lead | Sharing knowledge |
Vallentin-Holbech et al. [120] | 2020 | Denmark | Co-creation | Health promotion; alcohol prevention | Virtual Reality (VR) simulation | 9 students; development team | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Van Leersum et al. [34] | 2020 | Netherlands | User-centred design | Long-term care | Web-based preference elicitation tool | 21 end-users; development team | Collaboration | Citizens in the lead | Sharing knowledge |
Vilarinho et al. [121] | 2017 | 5 EU countries | Co-design | Cystic fibrosis | mHealth application | 14 children, 15 parents, 12 health professionals | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |
Wikman et al. [122] | 2018 | Sweden | Participatory action research | Cancer | Internet-administered intervention | 6 parents, 2 clinical psychologists; research partners | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Sharing knowledge |
Yarosh and Schueller [123] | 2017 | United States | Participatory design | Children well-being and resilience | Computing technologies | 12 children; investigators | Non-involvement | Collaboration | Non-involvement |